Cpr; Infants and Children Free Essays

Tiffany Cole CPR Essay CPR is a crisis methodology utilized for somebody that is believed to be in heart failure. This system can be utilized to spare someone’s life in the event that it is played out the right way. To do mouth to mouth, one must be appropriately prepared. We will compose a custom paper test on Cpr; Infants and Children or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now The procedure for kids CPR varies from that of grown-ups. Clarified beneath are the CPR methods for newborn children and little kids. The procedure of CPR for newborn children begins by hollering and yelling at the infant. In the event that there is no reaction you should open the aviation route and tune in for breath sounds. To begin with, you should blow into the infant’s mouth twice making the chest rise. At that point just beneath the areola, siphon multiple times on the baby’s chest. Proceed with two breaths and the chest siphons for two minutes and call 911. The CPR procedure for little kids begins equivalent to it accomplished for newborn children. Shake and yell if the youngster. In the event that there is no reaction tilt the child’s head back and tune in for breath sounds. At that point blow twice in the mouth so the chest rises. Siphon multiple times in the focal point of the chest. Proceed with two breaths and thirty siphons for two minutes and call 911. CPR is anything but difficult to learn and can be helpful on the off chance that you are ever in a circumstance where a youngster has quit relaxing. Childcare focuses are required to have their staff enough prepared in CPR to guarantee the wellbeing of the youngsters. To get affirmed in CPR one can take classes in the network. Peruse likewise: How Different Types of Transitions Can Affect Children Step by step instructions to refer to Cpr; Infants and Children, Essay models

Blog Archive MBA Career Advice Ask For Something

Blog Archive MBA Career Advice Ask For Something In this weekly series, our friends at MBA Career Coaches will be dispensing invaluable advice to help you actively manage your career. Topics include building your network, learning from mistakes and setbacks, perfecting your written communication, and mastering even the toughest interviews. For more information or to sign up for a free career consultation, visit  www.mbacareercoaches.com. We have been quite candid in stating that your cover letter, if you are applying for a job that many other business school students are applying for, will not likely be read. That said, we do not suggest that you ignore your cover letter. After all, a poor letter can disqualify you â€" who wants to hire someone who displays a flagrant lack of effort? And, it is still possible that someone who likes your resume will want to learn more about your qualifications, communication style, reasons for wanting the position and more. So, as you give appropriate heed to your cover letter, remember to ask for something. You are not writing in a vacuum to check a box. You are writing to get a job. So, strive to move forward in that process. Here are two straightforward examples: “Because you do not recruit at my school, I would be eager to set-up a time to speak with you, or possibly even meet with you in your offices when I am in San Francisco in February. Please let me know if your schedule….” “I know that you will be on campus on XX date and would look forward to meeting with you in-person to discuss my qualifications and interest in your firm.” By asking for a next step, you are not being pushy â€" you are revealing appropriate interest and results orientation, something any employer will appreciate! To schedule your free 30-minute consultation with MBA Career Coaches, click here.   Share ThisTweet MBA Career Advice

Child Observation Report Essay - 2202 Words

Natalie lives with her mother, Rachel, her father, Paul, and her baby sister of 10 months Katie. Rachel is a housewife and does not have a job outside the home, but is planning to go back when both children go to school. Paul is a full time self-employed joiner working 8:00-6:00, but helps around the house and with the children on a morning, night and weekends. They live in a large bungalow on a small poultry farm in quiet village in North Yorkshire. They have a large grassed garden at both front and back of the house. There garden has a well built up fence that Natalie can’t get out of they also have a garden gate that is always locked so her garden is very safe. In the garden Natalie has a small swing†¦show more content†¦Physical Description: Natalie has a very pretty face with pale clear skin. Natalie’s face fairly round and small. She has large, round, blue, eyes with long brown eyelashes. She has light brown hair, which is naturally curly, it is shoulder length long and fairly thin. Natalie has nice clean white teeth and takes care of them daily. Natalie is a small build, she weighs 14 kg and her height is 95 cm this means she is below average for her age (REF 3). Natalie has small round legs and long thin arms, with small thin fingers. Natalie was born with six fingers on one hand; it has now been removed and is left with a small lump this does not bother her now. Natalie is now at an age where you can tell that she is right-handed. Personality: Natalie is usually quite bubbly but only in front of people she knows. Natalie takes a while to get used to people when she trusts them she is very loud and lively. Natalie can be fairly cheeky, but is very quiet and shy when around strangers. She is very impatient and will often seek her mother’s attention. Physical Ability (fine manipulative skills): For an average three year old Natalie can do most things (Ref1.). She is able to hold a crayon and draw faces, copy circles and letter V’s. Natalie can also hold a spoon in the tip ofShow MoreRelatedObservation Report For Child Observation1557 Words   |  7 PagesEach child sat down individually with the researcher the day after to read out the words they have learnt. They were shown pages of books and asked if they could identify the words from the text. They were also asked to create a sentence using these words. The Memorization and Mixed Method approach showed that 8 out of 16 children (50%) had a full score in reading the sight words â€Å"see, â€Å"give†, â€Å"have†, â€Å"feel† and â€Å"like†. 5 out of 16 children scored more than 2 but less than 5. The remaining 3 outRead MoreObservation Report On Child Observation1411 Words   |  6 PagesWe observed Joaquin in his home in the living room of his home. His mother, younger brother, and younger sister were all there. They interacted with Joaquin during the observation. There were times that the children interacted with Caitlin and me, but for the most part we just observed them interact with each other. Observation Summary I brought a couple activities for Joaquin and his siblings to do while we observed him. I brought a pumpkin, hammer, and golf tees for them to pound them into theRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesChild Observation Report Lecturer: Dr. Stephanie L. Knight Observer: Afra Mohamed Taha Observant: 3-4 year old boy Topic: Entire Observation Setting: Airport. A family consists of a father, a mother, three daughters and a son. Goal: Observing the boy to see his entire behavior, in addition to his reaction to reinforcement and punishment. Time: 52 minutes Method used: SystematicRead MoreEvaluation Of A Child Observation Report1097 Words   |  5 PagesChild Observation Report On January 4, 2016, I visited my cousin Darius, who is currently a seventeen year old boy and a junior in high school in the city of Dallas, Texas which is where I am from. I asked him and his mother a series of questions pertaining to him and his adolescent development. Let’s take the journey into Darius’ teenage development. Between the ages of twelve and sixteen most adolescents experience significant physical changes related to puberty. This also happened to be trueRead More Child Observation Report Essay6698 Words   |  27 Pages Detailed report of five observations. The names used in this Observation Report are fictitious. This is absolutely necessary to protect the privacy of the children being observed. Observation #1: Ron and aggression Date and time: Wednesday April 16, 2014; 11:25-12:50 Setting: Playground for 1st/2nd grade recess 11:25-11:50, 3rd/4th gradeRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagesnoticed one child was sitting at the table having a conversation with a stuffed beaver. The two twin girls I was baby-sitting had a giant stuffed bee, and I would chase after them with it and sting them. This shows what the book calls animistic thinking. According to the book, this kind of thinking is the belief that inanimate objects are alive. Another form of animistic thinking would be when my mother told a story about a leprechaun. When my mother asked where leprechauns lived, one child repliedRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pages Child development is an amazing thing to watch in the way that children interact with one another and how they perceive the world that surrounds. While doing our research of child development we began to observe a group of kids ranging the ages 1 – 12. During these observations we noticed traits such as attachment, comfort, and love. Through the following examples we will proceed to observe development in our environment and explain its relativity to the text Observation #1 I observed a set ofRead MoreChild Observation Report Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesthe morning with the students there. In the time I spent there, the children, ages 3 to 5, engaged in unstructured play, and sat in a circle for calendar time and reading aloud. The preschool is primarily child-centered in terms of its organization, meaning it incorporates a lot of child directed activity, and less structured, or adult directed, learning (Berk, 2008). I watched the group of about twenty children with the intention of studying them as a whole, but I found myself compelled to watchRead MoreSocial Work Child Observation Report1545 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess of negotiating an agreement to carry out a child observation in a school. It will explain my role as a social work student in the process of negotiating observation agreement with the school. Some of the issues considered in my negotiation were confidentiality, ethical issues and values, consent, communication, legal issues, professionalism, skill, voluntary participation of participant, contingency plan and limitations. The name of the child observed in this work will not be included for dataRead MoreChild Development Observation Report Essay2420 Words   |  10 PagesCompare and contrast a child from younger age group with a child from an older age group. For the younger age group, I observed a 6-month-old, boy infant, called Manden, in my friend’s home. 1. Adult/Teacher Interaction: In an adult interaction, the child I observed were more engaged with the people around him by infant-directed speech. His mom and I were basically called his name by rhythm, and he responded to us by smiling and being excited. As I observe in terms of turn-taking, I realize

Gun Control Essay example - 477 Words

Gun Control My response to this comment is that it is based on facts that have been misused and only represents one side of a story that is multifaceted. Many recent studies have shown that gun control is needed in a society like ours today and helps to curb all types of gun related fatalities not just homicides. In Canada, over 3000 firearms are stolen annually. Gun control is needed to be able to trace the usage of guns and the hands they fall into. Many stolen guns are used in violent crimes and are easier to trace when they have been registered; registration has been proven to tie some criminals to their crimes. Studies in Toronto and Edmonton have also showed that a large percentage of†¦show more content†¦Lax gun control laws have also been tied to higher suicide rates and impulsive crimes around the around the world. This is because when guns are readily available impulsive acts such as suicide are easier to partake in. Escalating arguments can also turn deadly in the blink of eye when guns are readily available and at a persons disposal. Many anti-gun control advocates argue that gun control takes guns away from law abiding citizens and leaves them unprotected to heinous criminals who do not comply with the law. If this statement held value, it would allow for an all out warfare. People would end up shooting at each other in defense and create shootouts. Secondly, many guns that are kept in houses as a means of defense end up doing more harm than good. It has been shown that children who live in houses with guns have a higher chance of accidental death by gunshot than those who do not. In areas without gun control it easier for a highschooler to buy ammunition than to buy cigarettes, that to me is disturbing. In previous generations gun control may have not been necessary. In todays society however, there is a prevalent lack of respect for the value of a human life and guns that are readily available add fuel to the already out of control flames. Lastly, gun control does nothing but protect the public. Many Canadian citizens are in favor of it because they have seenShow MoreRelatedGun Control766 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Paper Gun Control has been an issue that has been brought to the public’s eyes in recent years. This main issue has been going on for many years, for example when John F. Kennedy was assassinated; it raised public awareness to the lack of control on sales and also possession of guns in America. Until 1968 guns were available over the counter in stores and through mail catalogs to just about any adult in America. This was an example of how loosely guns were regulated which bring usRead MoreGun Violence And Gun Control1007 Words   |  5 Pagesshootings and various other methods of gun violence, tens of thousands of people die every year. These gun-related deaths primarily originate from murder and children accidentally shooting themselves. Although those in favor of gun control tend to believe that guns should be terminated completely, the second amendment prevents lawmakers from being able to do so. Therefore, in order to combat these causes, alternative gun control solutions mu st be made for each one. Gun-related murders can be decreasedRead MoreThe Gun Laws And Gun Control965 Words   |  4 Pagesoriginate from the accessibility of guns, but rather the actions of an individual that has disregard for life in today s society. There will always be ways for the offender commit crimes with or without guns. What is being done about gun control? We have all heard of all the tragedies throughout the country regarding guns. According to the President (2013) We know that we cannot stop every act of violence with guns, but what if we tried to stop even one? Weapon controls in the U.S. is structured atRead MoreGun Control For Gun Violence880 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2015, 13,367 people lost their lives due to gun violence according to Gun Violence Archive. The Archive also states that out of that number, 693 were children from ages 0-11. We can all agree that there is indeed a problem that we have to address. The solution to that problem, however, has been debated by many. I believe the solution to this problem exists in three parts: Mandatory training and licensing along with more heavily secure gun storage, stricter regulations on the purchasing of a firearm—disabilitiesRead MoreGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words   |  4 PagesGuns and the ability to use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unprotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. Where guns areRead MoreGuns And Gun Control855 Words   |  4 PagesThe rise in cases of gun violence and related incidences of assault has drawn the public to the issue of guns and gun control. Such has been evident within the spheres of politics especially with the last election period seeing the incumbent president Donald Trump suggesting on stringent gun control laws. However, despite the acknowledgment of the need to have better gun laws, much ground and consensus has never reached. Such, to an extent, contributed to the current lack of political goodwill withinRead MoreThe I ssue Of Gun Control Essay868 Words   |  4 Pages Gun Control Gun Control. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection. Detroit: Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 30 Apr. 2016. In this website, it discusses the debatable topic of gun control. In the article titled Gun Control, it states that the â€Å"The United States is the leader in per-capita gun deaths among industrial nations.† The main point of this article was to get the point across about the controversy that this has brought into the United States, not only does it quote influentialRead More Gun Control Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pages Gun Control Throughout America there is the constant debate concerning the second amendment or the right to bare arms. One day an innocent kid walking home from school gets shot in a drive by shooting is he just a victim of circumstance or could this of been easily prevented. There are lobbyist for the private ownership of guns and lobbyist for legislation to ban personal possession of guns for good. In this paper I hope that just maybe I can persuade you to think differently on a topic that’sRead MoreThe Assault Of Gun Control920 Words   |  4 PagesGun control has become a hot topic in the United States as of now. There will be those who are for guns and those who are against guns. Those who are for guns, assert that it is our right to bear arms according to the 2nd amendment and those who are against guns, believe that guns are unnecessary and cause more violence. Assault weapons, in particular, have caused too many deaths and the government needs to put a ban on assault weapons. First and foremost, assault weapons have claimed the livesRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesGuns have become a serious issue in today’s society. There have been incalculable incidents that involved a gun causing physical harm to a person. This can occur when guns are not properly stored in a safe location. House Bill 75 has been proposed to help solve this problem. With this bill set in place, if a minor has the ability to access a firearm unauthorized, the person responsible for that firearm will receive criminal penalties. As a matter of a fact, there have been cases reported about

Finding Peace in Death Comes For The Archbishop Essay

Finding Peace in Death Comes For The Archbishop Willa Cathers Death Comes For The Archbishop is a novel set in the nineteenth century in New Mexico. The story follows the adventures of Father Vaillant and Father Latour, two refined French priests on a mission to promote Catholicism in Santa Fe. The story follows each mans experiences in these unrefined surroundings causing them to go through dramatic changes as they experience the westward movement of the frontier. Through the struggles and journeys of a host of characters, we discover the underlying tensions of worldly distractions that can create a divided character between oneself. The first example of a divided character I would like to discuss†¦show more content†¦I will now go on to Trinidad, Father Martinezs nephew who also exhibits a divided character, lustful and gluttonous, as well as having himself crucified and scourged during Passion Week. When he ate dinner, he ate as if he were afraid of never seeing food again. When his attention left his plate for a moment, it was fixed in the same greedy way upon the girl who served the table...with careless contempt(145). Trinidad seems to have such an ugly personality, but at the same time he carries out his religious duties, to the extreme. It is as if one makes up for the other, contradicting Catholicism. Padre Martinez, who also tends to acts upon rules of his own, has taught Trinidad literal religion, not spiritual religion. Trinidad seems to think repeated sins can easily be forgiven, acting more to please those around him instead of God. Trinidads character of sin and solitude seem s to be allowing him to get the best of both worlds, when he should just be content with one. To show the contrast of a single character and a divided character, I would like to discuss Eusabio. Eusabio exhibits a sincere one-sided character, devoted to his beliefs and actions of serenity. While Eusabio was accompanying Latour on his journey, he revealed acts of native Indian respect. Latour observed how it was the Indians way to pass and leave no trace, like aShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Qumran Documents (Dead Sea Scrolls)1054 Words   |  5 PagesThe Qumran Documents (Dead Sea Scrolls) The finding of the Dead Sea Scrolls or the Qumran Documents is the single most important religious find of the twentieth century. These manuscripts have revolutionized the entire field of biblical study and have the ability to destabilize the mass of western religious thought as we know it today. For the information contained in these scrolls, include books of the Hebrew Bible that predate the next earlier example by one thousand years. The data foundRead MoreThe Archetypal Hero Journey, J2088 Words   |  9 PagesThe archetypal hero journey, Joseph Campbell states, is a typical series of heroic actions. Four stages form the hero journey: departure, trials, epiphany, and return (the stages do not necessarily occur consecutive with the listing). Death and resurrection of lifestyle and beliefs, spiritual journey, and finally rebirth form hero journeys motif. An archetypal hero pattern is the transformation of the characters conscience through trials and revelations. Lust, fear, and social duties tendRead More Compare And Contrast Thomas Be Essay2014 Words   |  9 Pages The archetypal hero journey, Joseph Campbell states, is a typical series of heroic actions. Four stages form the hero journey: departure, trials, epiphany, and return (the stages do not necessarily occur consecutive with the listing). Death and resurrection of lifestyle and beliefs, spiritual journey, and finally rebirth form hero journeyamp;#8217;s motif. An archetypal hero pattern is the transformation of the characteramp;#8217;s conscience through trials and revelations. Lust, fear, and socialRead MoreItalian Renissance and the Reformation Essay example1452 Words   |  6 PagesRenaissance began after Europe began recovering from the Black Death. Anyone who had survived was just happy to be alive and started focusing more on material things, rather than religious ones. Another reason the focus shifted from religious thoughts was because of the Great Schism. People began second guessing their rulers and religious leaders and became more secular. One important city involved in the Renaissance was Florence, which would come to be known as the cultural center of the Renaissance. FlorenceRead MoreThe Migrant Crisis : How Would You Feel If You Were Turned Away?1334 Words   |  6 Pages21st December 2015 more than one million migrants arrived on European soil. Hundreds are fleeing abuse in Eritrea. Thousands are fleeing war torn Syria. It is estimated that over 6,700 have died crossing the Mediterranean, and they will continue to come . Many European countries are already stretched to the limit with border control and migrant camps. European leaders are torn over crucial decisions. Should we shut all the borders? Should we let them all in? Should we target the problem at itsRead MoreHenry VIII: The Narcissistic King Essay2285 Words   |  10 PagesClement under the thumb of Charles V a divorce was not going to be granted in England, Rome, or anywhere else. When the Pope withdrew the case to Rome, Henry became enraged and took his frustration out on Wolsey. Things finally reached a climax when the Peace of Cambrai was signed between France and Spain eliminating any chance of English influence in Rome. Wolsey was removed and eventually arrested for violating praemunire, but before he could be imprisoned, tried, and executed, he died. Henry was notRead MoreThe Music Of Ludwig Van Beethoven1739 Words   |  7 Pagesto the point where he actually stopped playing music and instead wanted to go to school. Howev er, Beethoven had many difficulties in school. He had trouble with simple addition as well as spelling and grammar (Bio). Beethoven explained that, â€Å"Music comes to me more readily than words† (Bio). At the age of 10, Beethoven decided he had enough school and wanted to focus his full attention on music (Bio). From an early age Beethoven showed remarkable signs of becoming a child prodigy due to hisRead MoreBrief Biography of Mary, Queen of Scotts2671 Words   |  11 Pagesone occasion throughout our lives, regardless of if we recall hearing about her or not. Mary, not to be confused with the notorious Bloody Mary, became one of the most notable queens in history thanks to her eventful life that was filled with love, death, and plenty of conspiracy. Mary, Queen of Scots may not be a queen that stays in your memory, but it is undeniable that she is one of the most interesting queens in history. Mary was born in Scotland at Linlithgow Palace on December 8, 1542.Read More King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table Essay1992 Words   |  8 Pages The legend of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table is a story mixed with historical truths and exaggerated fiction. The legend of King Arthur, known as the Arthurian Legend, comes from the Middle Ages and is both fact and fiction. There really was a King Arthur who was king of the Britons. He was a type of military leader who fought Germanic invaders. Many of the Tudor monarchs claimed lineage to King Arthur to justify and prove their right to the throne. Most of the knowledgeRead MoreSouth African Truth and Reconciliation Commission4157 Words   |  17 Pagesdistinguished and usual occurrences. Such a, disappearances, untimely death and many torture victims; nothing of historical background, context, reason or consequence was ever investigated. Nahla Valji (2004)2 Creating reconciliation after war and a strictly inhumane regime, there was a whole matter of creating the conditions and grounds for peace amounts the people, and of keeping the peace balanced for the distant and sudden future.3 Not peace in the context of just discontinuing the illegitimate acceptance

Analysis of Consumer Behavior

Question: Explore the selection of holiday destination based on consumer behavior. Answer: Introduction Personality is defined as the relatively enduring features, which helps to differentiate between an individual from another. Personality guides the people to act in a predictable and consistent manner during both over extended periods of time and different situations. In other way, it can also be said that personality is the lasting or enduring patterns of thought and behavior across situation and time. Depending on the personality of various people, it can be explained by six types of theories. These are Freuds Theory, Tripartite Theory of personality, Trait Theory, Eysencks Personality Theory, Cattells 16 PF Trait Theory and Allports Trait Theory (Miller Washington, 2011). In this assignment, the personality and demographic theory will be analyzed based on the responses of three respondents regarding selection of a holiday tour package. Analysis of the Behavior of Respondent 1 using the Theories of Personality According to the survey, it can be said that respondent 1 is more extraverted as the person marked it at highest priority. Secondly, he is equally open to new experiences and also has high need for affiliation, as the respondent provide equal importance to these. Thirdly, the person is moody but sympathetic and kind to others. The person also has high need for uniqueness. Fourthly, the respondent is also careful and efficient and lastly, the respondent puts importance to the high requirement for power. Based on the behavior of the particular person, it can be said that the personality of this respondent falls under the Eysencks Personality Theory. The reason behind this is that as per the Eysencks Personality Theory, there are three dimensions of personality. These are psychoticism, neuroticism and extraversion (Solomon, 2011). Later, this theory was modernized and thus the behavior of an individual can be represented in a simpler way that is by two dimensions. These are Extroversi on/ Introversion (E) and Neuroticism / Stability (N). These are known as the second order traits of personality. These dimensions can be divided into unstable and extroverted, stable and extroverted, stable and introverted and unstable and introverted (Saad Aslam, 2011). Depending upon the behavior of the respondent 1, as per the survey, it can be said that the particular respondent is unstable and extroverted as this is characterized by touchy, aggressive, restless, excitable, impulsive, changeable, active and optimistic (Cohen, Prayag, Moital, 2013). Therefore, the characteristic of the respondent 1 is similar to the characteristic of the unstable and extroverted. Thus, it can be said that the characteristic of the respondent 1 can be better understand and explained by the Eysencks Personality Theory. Analysis of the Behavior of Respondent 1 using the Theories of Demographics According to the survey, it can be said that the Respondent 1 is of 19 years age, gender is male and his marital status is single or unmarried. The respondent is studying in the university and works as a shop assistant in a shop. At present the respondent 1 is studying an undergraduate degree. The ethnicity of the particular respondent is Australian. Thus, it can be said that the teenagers fall under the Eysencks Personality Theory. Analysis of the Behavior of Respondent 2 using the Theories of Personality According to the survey, it can be said that respondent 2 is more open to new experiences, is more careful and efficient and in addition to this, the particular respondent highly needs the power. The reason behind this is that as per the survey, the respondent gave most priority to these stated behaviors by marking them with highest number i.e. 5. Secondly, the behaviors that the respondent marked based on the priority are the high requirement for uniqueness (Miller Washington, 2011). Thirdly, the particular respondent marked she is extroverted, sympathetic and also kind to others and lastly she highly needs affiliation on the basis of the priority of her behaviors. Fourthly, the particular respondent marked her behavior as moody and none of the listed behaviors in the questionnaire survey was considered as least important by the particular respondent (Saad Aslam, 2011). All these behaviors, especially based on the priority of the respondent on careful and efficient, it can be said that the personality of the particular respondent can be better understood and analyzed by implementing the Freuds Theory (Labanauskait, Kiyak, Bago it, 2014). According to the Freuds Theory, most of the behavior of an individual occurred due to various parts of personality that are generally identified during the unconsciousness and also during the period when the people remain unaware. As per the Freuds Theory, there are three levels of consciousness, these are the conscious mind, the unconscious mind and the preconscious mind (Ishak Zabil, 2012). The conscious awareness is the smaller part of thinking that is opened or expressed in front of all but the unconscious awareness is the most part of thinking that includes wishes, thoughts, feelings and memories. Therefore, in other words it can be said that conscious indicates the things that are on focus i.e. which are in contact with the outer world, preconscious indicates the things or material that are beneath surface awaren ess and unconscious indicates that are difficult to retrieve material and are below the surface of awareness. Here, the respondent 2 follows the behavior of consciousness as she wants to be in contact with outer world and thus she marked the option open to new experiences at top most priority. Even the particular respondent puts high priority to the option of being careful and efficient (Heinonen, 2011). Thus, it can be said that the characteristic of the respondent 2 can be better understand and explained by the Freuds Theory. Analysis of the Behavior of Respondent 2 using the Theories of Demographics According to the survey, it can be said that the Respondent 2 is of 43 years age, gender is female and she is married. By occupation, she is management consultant and her highest education level is PhD. She does not make the holiday decisions on her own and her husband plays a vital role in making such holiday decisions. The respondent is Canadian by ethnicity. Therefore, it can be said that the middle agers and the individuals who belong to the high income group fall under the Freuds Theory. Analysis of the Behavior of Respondent 3 using the Theories of Personality According to the survey, it can be said that respondent 3 puts highest priority on the behavior of being careful and efficient as he marked the option with highest number that is 5. Secondly, the participant puts importance to his sympathetic nature and his nature of being kind to others and in addition to this he also have a high demand for affiliation (Gssling, Scott, Hall, Ceron, Dubois, 2012). Thirdly, the respondents put importance to the higher need for power. Fourthly, the respondents marked three options that indicate the priority of the respondent towards his nature of extraverted, open to new experiences and highly needs the uniqueness (Cohen, Prayag, Moital, 2013). And lastly, the particular respondent marked himself as moody. All the priorities of the behaviors of the respondent indicate that he follows the Freuds Theory. However, among all the three parts of the theory, the particular participant follow the consciousness as his top most priority is to be efficient and careful. Thus, it can be said that the characteristic of the respondent 3 can be better understand and explained by the Freuds Theory. Analysis of the Behavior of Respondent 3 using the Theories of Demographics According to the survey, it can be said that the Respondent 3 is of 51 years age, gender is male and he is married. By occupation he is a pharmacist and has the degree of Bachelor as the highest education level (Brunt, 2011). He also does not take decision regarding making holiday trips and takes decisions of his wife and sometimes kids. The particular respondent is Chinese in ethnicity. Therefore, here also it can be said that the middle agers and the individuals who belong to the high income group fall under the Freuds Theory (Blasco, Guia, Prats, 2013). Recommendations Therefore, it can be recommended to the marketers regarding the holiday option number 4 that is holiday trip to Hong Kong based on the questionnaire survey to the respondent number 4 that the people or individuals of the country China prefer much to visit Hong Kong, especially the middle agers or the late middle agers and the family men mostly prefer to visit this place along with his family. It can also be said that the people having the behaviors as that of the Freuds Theory mainly prefer to visit Hong Kong. By close analysis, it can also be said that people of the medieval status and who earns not too high and not too low that is who earns at a medium range generally prefer to visit Hong Kong. On the other hand, the people of China prefer to visit Hong Kong as the place is located within the country itself and thus relatively lesser expense is conducted here. For the people who are categorized under the Freuds Theory generally put importance to cost and then to the activities, fol lowed by the duration of the holiday tour. To this type of people who are categorized under the Freuds Theory, put lesser importance to food, transportation and accommodation. Therefore, a marketer should put importance on the theories of personality in order to prepare accurate tourism plan and to gain more customers. Conclusion The three different individuals have responded differently to the external situations. The selection of the holiday packages is dependent on the different views and perceptions carried by the three different individuals .The behavior of respondent 1 is based on the Eysencks Personality Theory. The person is more extrovert and responds positively to situations he faces in the external environment. As per the Freuds theory, the behavior of respondent 2 is more careful and analytical. The person takes more time to adjust to the external surroundings. As per the recommendations, the people of China like to visit Hongkong due to its convenient location as well as less costs. This is consistent with Freuds Theory, which states that expenses are a primary factor affecting the consumer behavior. References Cohen, S., Prayag, G., Moital, M. (2013). Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities.Current Issues In Tourism,17(10), 872-909. Eysenck, H. J. (Ed.). (2012). A model for personality. Springer Science Business Media. Gssling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C., Ceron, J., Dubois, G. (2012). Consumer behaviour and demand response of tourists to climate change. Heinonen, K. (2011). Consumer activity in social media: Managerial approaches to consumers' social media behavior.Journal Of Consumer Behaviour,10(6), 356-364. Ishak, S. M. Zabil, N. (2012). Impact of Consumer Awareness and Knowledge to Consumer Effective Behavior.Asian Social Science,8(13). Poropat, A. E., Corr, P. J. (2015). Thinking bigger: The Cronbachian paradigm personality theory integration. Journal of Research in Personality, 56, 59-69. Solomon, M. R. (2014). Consumer behavior: buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Spielberger, C. D. (Ed.). (2013). Anxiety and behavior. Academic Press. Xiao, J., Ford, M., Kim, J. (2011). Consumer Financial Behavior: An Interdisciplinary Review of Selected Theories and Research.

Multicultural Australia

Introduction The concept of multiculturalism does not have a straight forward definition because it depends on the context of its usage. Again, it is not easy to have a universally acceptable definition because there are more people putting in their contributions about this concept, therefore leading to numerous definitions of the same.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multicultural Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, multiculturalism in the United States of America is used in both social and political contexts. It is used to show that the differences that exist among people on the basis of their cultural orientation, gender, ethnic or racial backgrounds and other diverse opinions, should not be a source of division but should be viewed as a source of strength for that particular group (Higley, Nieuwenhuysen, and Neerup, 2009). Basically, multiculturalism advocates for treatment of all people w ith respect and dignity because this is what leads to the massive growth and development of a nation. This paper shall address this concept in details using the example of Australia as well as identify how it has changed before, during and after the Howard government. The Concept of Multiculturalism In Australia, the view of this concept is not very different from that of the USA. This is because multiculturalism is viewed in both the social and political contexts and is seen as a tool that should help in the development of the country other than in its destruction. The term was in use widely in the 1990’s but its use has declined with time, with many people wondering what became of it (Cope, et al, 1991). Castles, et al, (1990) says that the term is slowly being replaced with the term ‘integration’. This term deals with the diversity that exists in the modern day society. According to Lyle (1983), this diversity comes about because of the differences in cultural and ethnic orientations, among other factors. This definition is especially true for the modern day Australia, whose policy is that it is a multicultural society and this is not going to change. To further enhance multiculturalism, the government of Australia has put forth measures to it intends to act on in response to the diversity that is present in the country as a result of multiculturalism.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This country, that is part of the other countries in the commonwealth, has pointed out several dimensions that the policies that deal with multiculturalism should take. The first dimension is one that deals with the cultural orientation of the people. The Australian government clearly stipulates that each of its citizens have the right to express themselves culturally in the different ways that culture can and is expressed but within the limits prescrib ed by the law. Consequently, the Australians are free to express their culture through language and religious affiliation without any interference. The other tenet of multiculturalism as stipulated by the government is the social justice for all the citizens. Every person is en titled to fair treatment regardless of their class, religious background, political affiliation, gender and ethnic background, among other barriers of fair treatment. The last dimension of this concept as viewed by the government is the economic dimension. This tenet gives every Australian citizen a right to be recruited or employed anywhere in the country where they can use their skills and knowledge. This should happen regardless of the person’s sex, political, ethnic and religious background. The dimensions of multiculturalism discussed above are applied to all Australian citizens without discrimination and are articulated in the country’s documents of the National Agenda. Consequently, the p eople with Aboriginal background, the Anglo-Celtic group of citizens and those who do not speak English but are citizens of Australia receive the same treatment from the government (Bell, 2006). Limitations of Multiculturalism Even though the Australians enjoy the rights expressed in the National Agenda, there are also several limitations to these rights. First, the rights of Australians concerning multiculturalism are founded on the assumption that every Australian citizen is committed and is also working towards the realization of the common goal of the nation. They should also be committed to those things that are geared towards unifying the country. This is the first and most important factor underlying the implementation of the rights of multiculturalism (CAAIP (Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies), 1988).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multicultural Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The policies also call for Australians approval of the basic structures and the overarching principles governing the country. Respect for and obedience to the constitution and other laws that govern the country, showing tolerance and fair treatment to everyone regardless of the things they possess that bring about diversity and freedom to express oneself are some of the ways that the citizens can express their approval of the laws of the land. The use the national language, in the case of Australia, English, and fair treatment of people of both sexes is also a way of showing acceptance of the basic principles of the country. Finally, for one to enjoy their rights of expression of their culture they have to recognize that there are others who have a different cultural orientation and they too have the same right. This therefore, calls for tolerance and acceptance of others culture without acting in a manner that will offend the other party (Bell, 2006). In summary, thes e policies that have been formulated to address the concept of multiculturalism in Australia are designed to help in making Australia a better place for its citizens with social justice and economic efficiency as its overarching principles. Multiculturalism before the Howard Government Before the introduction of the concept of multiculturalism, Australia used another policy known as ‘assimilation’. This meant that any immigrant settling in Australia had to forsake their culture and adopt that of the natives in Australia (Elder, 2005). One of the factors that led to the change of policy from the idea of assimilation to that cultural pluralism and later multiculturalism is the World War 2 and its effects. Precisely, there was increased awareness on the devastating effects of racism learnt from the Nazi party’s actions. This made people start doubting the positivity of the White Australia Policy, which encouraged racism, and was being practiced then (Lopez, 2000). T hat was an external factor. Internally, there were several groups which advocated for an end of the policies which encouraged racism. These groups included the church and other human rights groups.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By 1960, these groups, which were very active in speaking against the white Australia policy in the 1950’s, got support from other quarters which included the journalists and the students body from various universities, among others. Their first achievement in this campaign came when dictation test for those who wanted to migrate to Australia was dropped. The non-Europeans who wanted to migrate to Australia were also allowed to undertake the skilled migrant program. Consequently, students of Asian origin were allowed undertake their studies in Australia and also, more people who were not Europeans got a chance to live in Australia especially in the 1970’s. The church together with other groups continued being vocal on this issue of racism especially with regard to one’s language, cultural orientation and religious background. The groups emphasized that everyone had the right to live in Australia and practice their culture, religion and speak their language witho ut any barriers (Jones, 2003). More pressure was put by Jerzy Zubrzycki on the government to end this culture of assimilation and instead adopt a policy of ‘cultural pluralism’. Jerzy Zubrzycki was one of the members of the academic movements challenging some of the policies that were used by the government of Australia (Theophanous, 1995). Their breakthrough came around 1971, when the movement changed its name to ‘multicultural society’ and some of its members appointed to the advisory committees in the immigration departments. Here, they were able to implement their ideas. In 1973, the White Australia Policy was completely dropped, with the government opting to choose the immigrants on the basis of their qualifications (Birrell, 1984). The racial discrimination act was also formulated in 1975, during the tenure of Malcolm Fraser as the opposition immigration spokesman. Multiculturalism was embraced by many people and continued to be practiced throughout t he country. The concept received support from the Prime Minister, Bob Hawke, in 1980’s when he ordered for the setting up of an office where multicultural policies would be made and enacted (Australian Council on Population and Ethnic Affairs, 1982). Collins (1988) states that around the same time, the concept was fully adopted by many and there were programs that had been established to help the immigrants and also the lobby groups with financial and any other kind of assistance that they required. Establishment of multicultural radio stations was also a step to show the success of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism during the Howard Government John Howard led the Australian government between 1996 and 2007. During his tenure, he did not show a lot of support for multiculturalism, instead he even criticized it. As a result, the support this concept received from the government decreased and conversely, the idea of assimilation received massive support (Das, 2006). This howev er does not mean that the government abolished multiculturalism completely. National Multicultural Advisory Council (NMAC) was established in 1997, with support from the government even though every other policy that was formed after this did not regard the concept of multiculturalism. Instead, Australian values were emphasized. A report on multiculturalism submitted by National Multicultural Advisory Council (NMAC) in 1999 stated that although it recognized that the citizens were involved in the success of multiculturalism, there was a greater need to recognize that Great Britain and Ireland also contributed immensely towards Australia’s democracy and peaceful coexistence of people in the country. To further show his lack of support towards multiculturalism, only a single statement on multicultural policy was given out. This happened in 2003 and the statement was supposed to serve its purpose until 2006. This was a long period of silence on such a crucial matter of national importance (Greg, 2006). Another thing that showed his contempt towards multiculturalism was his reluctance use the term in official speeches that he made. Again, term which was in use in the title of the immigration department was removed and the department given another name that did not include ‘multiculturalism’. Das (2006) further says that Howard encouraged the immigrant to integrate into the native Australian society which is largely white Anglo-Saxon. Howard says that failure to do this, the national values that show patriotism and nationalism would be down trodden. This is a view that was shared by another vocal critic of multiculturalism, Blainey, According to Blainey (1984), acceptance of the concept of multiculturalism would have devastating effects on the government. This would lead to failure because of concentrating on the rights of the few immigrants at the expense of the majority of the population who are the natives. Howard’s zeal for eradicatio n of this concept saw him introduce the Australian citizenship test, which had earlier been removed because it hindered efforts geared towards multiculturalism. The national identity also ceased to be referred to as multiculturalism (Slade, and Mollering, 2010). In 2007, before he left office, Howard made remarks disregarding multiculturalism. He is quoted to have said that the Australian natives should not be made to apologize because of their identity; instead, they should be proud and push for it to remain. He explained his point further by saying that the concept of multiculturalism is different from that of multiracialism and the two should never be confused (Modood, 2007). To elaborate this, Howard said that multiracialism simply meant the acceptance of the core values upheld by the natives of a country by the immigrants who settle in that particular country. He asserted that he is comfortable with the practice of multiracialism but not multiculturalism. He said that he believ ed in this because of the positive effect that is got when people from different societies come together (Castles, and Miller, 2009). Multiculturalism after the Howard Government The debate on multiculturalism did not end with the end of John Howard’s tenure in office. This concern is fueled by the danger of terrorism attacks that is being experienced by people all over the world. There was also a concern about how best to bring about social cohesion in the country that is characterized by cultural diversity. During the Labor Government of 2007-2010, under the leadership of Kevin Rudd, the concept of multiculturalism received much support (Markus, Jupp, and McDonald, 2009). His support is signified by his decision to have the Parliamentary Secretary for Multicultural Affairs and Settlement Services and also the National Multicultural Advisory Council established. One of the mandates of the latter was to provide the government with the useful advice on ways of improving social cohesion and also eliminating racism and other vices attached to this due to diversity that existed in the country (Jupp, 2007). This move was aimed at creating an environment of tolerance to all people despite their differences. Diversity was supposed to be treated as strength for the country and not a weakness. This committee gave some recommendations to the government which included: making sure that every citizen had access to essential services rendered by the government to its citizens. Again, the government was supposed to address the issue of discrimination together with other vices such as prejudice with a lot of seriousness. The government was also advised to create opportunities where the people of Australia would put in their contribution in projects that are beneficial to the community as a whole. The overriding advice was that the government needed to do all it could to ensure justice was upheld in all its institutions and the people in Australia lived in a community that had social cohesion without some people feeling left out. These recommendations were received positively by Chris Evans, who was the minister of immigration then. The Gillard government, which came into power in 2010, has not been an ardent supporter of multiculturalism and this led to the government removing the term from the title of the immigration department of the country. This has attracted a lot of criticism from many people including the Federation of Ethnic Communities Councils. Currently, every Australian state has established laws which govern the people on multiculturalism. The modes of operation of the bodies that enact these laws are different because each one has its own laws and mandates. For example, the policy dealing with multiculturalism in New South Wales is enacted by the Community Relations Commission for a multicultural NSW while that doing the same in Victoria is called the Victorian Multicultural Commission (VMC). Conclusion The issue of multiculturali sm remains to a contentious one in Australia. One of the ways which has helped in promoting understanding of this concept among the people is dialogue with the people. However, it is still not clear how multiculturalism can be used to bring about a positive impact in a community with a lot of diversity. This becomes more difficult because of the government’s leaders holding varying opinion during their tenure in office and being replaced with leaders of a different opinion after an election Reference List Australian Council on Population and Ethnic Affairs., 1982. Multiculturalism for all  Australians—our developing nationhood. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service:. Bell, J., 2006. Australia: state of fear. The Age, Opinion, 27 January, 2006, p. 15 Birrell, R., 1984. Australia’s Immigration Policy: Changes and Implications. Sydney Fontana. Blainey, G., 1984. All for Australia. North Ryde, NSW: Methuen Haynes. Castles, S., and Miller, M., 2009. Th e age of Migration: International Population  Movements in the Modern World. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Castles, S., et al., 1990. Mistaken Identity, Multiculturalism and the Demise of  Nationalism in Australia. Sydney: Pluto Press. CAAIP (Committee to Advise on Australia’s Immigration Policies)., 1988. Immigration: a  committee to Australia. Canberra: AGPS. Collins, J., 1988. Migrants Hand in a Distant Land. Sydney: Pluto Press. Cope, B., et al., 1991. Immigration, Ethnic Conflicts and Social Cohesion. Melbourne: Bureau of Immigration Research. Das, S., 2006. Howard’s way: multiculturalism is out, assimilation is in. The Age,  Opinion, 27 January, p. 15. Elder, C., 2005. Immigration history in M Lyons P Russell (eds), Australia’s history:  themes and debates. New South Wales: University of New South Wales Press. pp. 98–115. Greg, C., 2006. The Conspiracies of Multiculturalism. The Betrayal that Divided  Australia. New South Wales: Sunda Pub lications. Higley, J., Nieuwenhuysen, J., and Neerup, S., 2009. Nations of Immigrants: Australia  and the USA compared. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. Jones, G. W., 2003. White Australia, national identity and population change in L  Jayasuriya, D Walker J Gothard (eds). Legacies of white Australia: race, culture and nation. Perth: University of Western Australia Press. pp. 110–28 Jupp, J., 2007. From White to Woomera. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lopez, M., 2000. The Origins of Multiculturalism in Australia Politics 1945-1975. Carlton South: Melbourne University Press. Lyle, A., 1983. A Selective Annotated Bibliography of Multiculturalism in Social  Alternatives. Queensland: University of Queensland. Markus, A., Jupp, J., and McDonald, C., 2009. Australia’s Immigration Revolution.  Crows Nest: Allen Unwin. Modood, T., 2007. Multiculturalism-a civic idea. Cambridge: Polity Press. Slade, C., and Mollering, M., 2010. From Migrant to Citizen: tes ting language, testing  culture. London: Macmillan. Theophanous, A. C., 1995. Understanding Multiculturalism and Australian Identity. Carlton South: Elikia Books. This essay on Multicultural Australia was written and submitted by user JuleCarpenter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.